Book Report About Oliver Twist English Literature Essay

How Do You Go About Selecting the Best PowerPoint Presentation Software?

How Do You Go About Selecting the Best PowerPoint Presentation Software?How do you go about selecting the best PowerPoint presentation software for your needs? With the advent of the internet and web technology there is much less cost to get one, but the internet can make it difficult to determine which one will meet your needs and preferences. That's why it's so important to consider a few things when you go out to buy a new presentation tool.Since so many features are available in most presentation tools, it's important to realize that it's the amount of time that is important. Are you looking for a software tool that can hold several slides at one time? Are you looking for an easy-to-use presentation tool that is designed to help with the planning and organization of your meetings?Once you know how long you want to keep your presentation, you can choose from many popular web sites that offer PowerPoint presentation tools for less. You can also try out the demo tools before making a final decision.Before you purchase any type of web site or presentation tool, you should look at their ratings on online review web sites. Some PowerPoint alternatives may have several positive and negative reviews and this can help you in determining which one is going to work best for you. Many web sites also offer free trials and by taking advantage of these you can determine if the tool is right for you or not.The selection of PowerPoint presentation tools available is wide and this makes it easy to find what you need. It's also wise to compare the software tools on the different web sites in order to find the one that best meets your needs. Some software tools even offer a free trial and this is also a good way to test the product before buying it.You should also check out the web site's user feedback and the usability of the software. The different features offered by each tool will vary in their usefulness but if you have a favorite one it can be easier to pick out the one that has great features.The layout of your web site will be important to you as well. Each tool offers different types of layouts such as vertical or horizontal layouts, whether it's left or right handed, and the grid or box grid. This can play a huge role in your final decision and you should always remember that it will be up to you to pick out a presentation tool that matches your web site layout needs.It's always best to talk to a professional before you make a decision about the power of PowerPoint presentation tools. He or she can give you a full evaluation of your needs and then help you determine what the best choice is for you. Many professionals offer discounts on their services and this can save you money.

Essay Topics For Students Who Are Interested in Anomalous Psychology

Essay Topics For Students Who Are Interested in Anomalous PsychologyDue to the high demand for specialist psychologists, schools have many opportunities for students wishing to embark on their studies in abnormal psychology. Normal psychology requires a long and hard slog, so students take up extra-curricular activities such as going to sports events and attending campus parties. Moreover, abnormal psychology requires a long period of study. To learn about abnormal psychology, you will need to read about it, watch various documentaries on abnormal psychology and then spend time trying out real situations.Many people in the business world also get into abnormal psychology, to help in conflict resolution between groups and corporations. These situations can be from any level of the business, from decision making and HR departments to advertising and social media. It is important that you understand the areas of expertise of the psychologist, and the type of intervention they will be us ed for.The best essay topics would be based on your interests and experiences, and help you explain what abnormal psychology means to you. The theme of the essay should be short and easy to understand, and not necessarily very difficult. Once you have an idea about what kind of topic to use for the essay, go through a few examples and then start looking at the different essay topics available online.The essay topics for normal psychology are generally simple, but complex. Some examples of these include relationships, attitudes and behavior. If you are interested in working with children or helping patients with psychological issues, you may want to consider choosing one of the essays on these subjects.Many students go onto normal psychology after a brief course on the subject, so you may want to choose a topic that suits your personality. You should try to write the essay in an interesting way, making it worth reading and adding to your CV. An example of a good topic could be 'An in troduction to the study of human emotions and the impact of the external environment on our psychology'.There are various essay topics for normal psychology, and the majority of them are required in school. If you are interested in doing extra-curricular activities such as coaching, parenting, sports or volunteering then you may want to look at essay topics on these topics. Most of the classes in normal psychology also require essays on a wide range of subjects, including religion, ethics, political philosophy, history and international relations.The great thing about essay topics for academics is that they can often be used in the written assessment, which gives students an opportunity to present their research in its most interesting form. The students will have to answer questions related to their research, which will put them in a good position to make a good impression. Essay topics for students in normal psychology can include medical conditions and treatments, global health a nd education. These topics can be chosen from various topics available online, and most academic institutions also have literature experts who can help with a specific topic.There are a number of essay topics for students who want to study abnormal psychology, and all you need to do is get online and look for the right ones. Keep in mind that all the topics should be relevant to your subject and be interesting. Although the essay topic is the main factor in how the essay will be graded, it should still be written in a good format and should be neat and accurate.

Essay on Fsa Photography During the Great Depression

I glance amusedly at the photo placed before me. The bright and smiling faces of my family stare back me, their expressions depicting complete happiness. My mind drifted back to the events of the day that the photo was taken. It was Memorial Day and so, in the spirit of tradition my large extended family had gathered at the grave of my great grandparents. The day was hot and I had begged my mother to let me join my friends at the pool. However, my mother had refused. Inconsolable, I spent most of the day moping about sulkily. The time came for a group picture and so my grandmother arranged us all just so and then turned to me saying, Youd better smile Emma or youll look back at this and never forgive yourself. Eager to please and†¦show more content†¦Unemployment skyrocketed up to its peak of nearly twenty five percent of the population. Added to this was the series of dust storms terrorizing the mid-west. These storms destroyed most crops and left farmers destitute and home less. This resulted in a mass migration of mid-western farmers moving west to areas such as California to find work. These farmers became to be known derogatorily as Okies. Newly elected President Roosevelt began immediately to put programs into affect, which would halt the effects of the depression and aid those who were suffering. These programs became known as the New Deal. The purpose of the New Deal was to provide jobs for the unemployed and offer relief to the distressed. Programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) put millions of people to work building roads, dams, and other public works. One of these government programs was called the Farm Security Administration (FSA). The FSA was an agency intended to fight rural poverty during a period when the poor agricultural climate and plunging national economy was causing many rural farmers to leave their farms and homes to find work. The FSA also hired photographers as part of a public relations campaign. These photographers documented the lives and conditions of many of these stricken peoples. The purpose of these photographers was to provide visual evidence that there wasShow MoreRelatedThe Farmer Security Administration Office Of War Information1485 Words   |  6 Pagesexamining American photography you must discuss the Farmer Security Administration-Office of War Information, also referred to as the FSA/OWI. This administration was the single and most significant documentary photography project in the history of United States. Photographs taken by members of the FSA/OWI all display and represent American society in different ways to help give a better understanding of major historic events occurring in the United States at this time. The members of the FSA use many formalRead MoreA Brief Note On Dorothea Lange s Migrant Mother1705 Words   |  7 Pagesphotographs to be taken in the Great Depression era. It is titled Migrant Mother, and it was taken in 1936. The photo takes the overall feeling of how difficult it was to survive during the depression and presents it in a single face. Anyone viewing this image can feel the simultaneous fear and strength that the woman exudes, as well as the love she has for her children, and the worry she has or their well being. The Great Depression was one of the most extreme economic depressions that the world has everRead MoreWalker Evans-FSA Photography1074 Words   |  5 Pagesin the history that he lived through. As an FSA photographer, Evans mission was to â€Å"introduce America to America† and showcase â€Å"the reality of its own time and place in history† says Stryker, the leader of the FSA movement.2 Evans produced images that revealed Americas’ despair in the depression, but also the hope for the future. In the photograph â€Å"Alabama Cotton Tenant Farmer Family†, Evans portrays an American farming family during the Great Depression. (Walker Evans, Alabama Cotton Tenant FarmerRead MoreDorothea Lange: A Photographer Essay1575 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough a picture. During the Great Depression, many photographers captured the scenes of poverty and grief. However, there was only one photographer that truly captured the souls of Americans. According to Roy Stryker, Dorothea Lange had the most sensitivity and the most rapport with people (Stryker and Wood 41). Dorothea Lange was a phenomenal photographer that seized the hearts of people during the 1930s and beyond, and greatly affected the times of the Great Depression. Dorothea Lange wasRead MoreDorothea Lange And The Farm Security Agency Essay1258 Words   |  6 PagesAdministration, embarked on a nationwide quest to document, collect and create a pictorial record of American life during the 1930s and 1940s. Spanning all fifty states, the photographers produced more than 175,000 black and white negatives, crafting one of the most immense and important photographic compositions in American history. Created by the federal government, the photography project spanned several government agencies, from the Resettlement Administration, the Farm Security AdministrationRead MoreBiography of Photographer Dorothea Lange Essay632 Words   |  3 PagesThrough out the Great Depression there were many photographers, but one of the best was Dorothea Lange. Lange was born on the 25th of May in 1895 in Hoboken, New Jersey as the first child of Joan and Henry Nutzhorn. She decided to become a photographer at the age of 18. She studied photography at Columbia Univ ersity in New York. At the age of 20 she began to travel the world. Later in life she settled down in San Francisco, California, where she met her first husband, artist Maynard Dixon. She hadRead MoreLeadership, Policy, And Change : Beyond The Darkroom : Documentary Photography As A Tool For Social Change2001 Words   |  9 PagesPolicy, and Change Beyond the Darkroom: Documentary Photography as a Tool for Social Change Can one series of photos make a difference? While many may doubt the power of a group of images possess to engender social change, thousands of social movements, federal policies, and personal revolutions have begun with and been supported by the click of a shutter. From the Great Depression-era of the 1920s to the modern day Black Lives Matter movement, photography has been used strategically by both the federalRead MoreDorothea Lange Developed the Way for Many of Todays Photojournalists549 Words   |  2 Pagesborn May 26, 1895 in Hoboken, New Jersey, was an American photojournalist and documentary photographer. Her most recognizable work was from the Depression-era for the Farm Security Administration (FSA) (Dorothea). With her photographs it brought an open eye to the nation about how bad the Great Depression really was. Her work in these areas of photography develop the way we see photojournalism today. Lange was born, Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn to parents Heinrich Nutzhorn and Johanna. Her fatherRead MoreThe Great Depression Brought Changes to Art in Many Ways2399 Words   |  10 PagesSean Rayl American Art History The Great Depression brought changes to art in many ways. America finally had the war behind it. The country was booming and the majority had a carefree attitude. People were accustom to their lives and were not prepared for what was about to happen in 1929. The new decade would be a time of great change for everyone – art included. The 1920’s would bring a rollercoaster of events to America. Times had changed, the war was over and new technologies were startingRead More Documenting The Depression Essay1041 Words   |  5 Pages Documenting the Depression: The FSA photographers and Rural Poverty nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The Great Depression fell hard in the year of 1935 bringing what seemed to some people the end of the world. But in truth, the Great Depression was nothing near the end of the world, in fact the year of 1935 was not the first year nor was it the last year that many families had suffered and went hungry due to lack of work. Families forced to leave their home. Children going in hunger while their bellies

The Failure of Journalism during the Civil War in El...

The Failure of Journalism during the Civil War in El Salvador The Civil War in El Salvador was an event that most individuals misunderstood. A twelve year conflict and a power struggle that claimed to keep communism out of El Salvador killed 75,000 people and the whole story still remains untold. The Civil War in El Salvador was a conflict that roughly started in 1980 and ended with the peace accords in 1992. These dates are rough because there were many conflicts before 1980 and even after the peace accords were signed in 1992 the â€Å"death squads [1] † were still active every now and again. With respect to United States involvement, the reason the United States was initially involved was to block communist rule from spreading to†¦show more content†¦Many reporters lacked the initiative to investigate the causes of the war and so this trend of general ignorance lasted throughout the twelve years. Tumultuous times for years before 1980, had led to the eruption of this deadly conflict. A generally unstable Central America had caused major rifts in almost all the small countries of this area. For the general American public this meant more conflict in Central America with even less understanding caused by poor reports. Mark Pedelty, who wrote War Stories: The Culture of Foreign Correspondents, explains in a chapter entitled â€Å"Objective Journalism† of the ways in which American correspondents are taught to report. Reports in newsmagazines in America are much different from everywhere else in the world. For America â€Å"objectivity remains the standard by which journalists are judged,† and this means journalists strive to obtain balance and fairness (Pedelty 171). Pedelty argues that objectivity is a utopian goal which is impossible to obtain, and secondly, objectivity and balance are two things that should not play a role in the reporting a journalist does. In countries all over the world newspapers and magazines are based on political lines and are biased in favor of their own viewpoints and agendas. Pedelty claims that these types of journalists, who report according to their own view points, in fact produce better reports that those Americans who strive for objectivityShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesfibres industry. Marks Spencer (B) – turnaround at the high street legend. Haram – managing change in a small Norwegian commune. RACC – strategy development processes in Catalonia’s automobile club. MacFarlane Solutions – condition’s for success and failure in strategy consulting. 755 759 766 770 773 779 784 788 795 800 805 811 817 823 831 840 846 849 Key: ââ€" Ã¢â€"  = major focus ââ€"  = important subsidiary focus Introduction to strategy Business environment: general Five forces analysis Capability

Theory of Conflict Resolution-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Do you think Culture affect the way we Communicate generally? Is this different during Conflict Resolution Process? Your response should Include Practical examples in addition to references to academic materials. Answer: Theory and Principles of Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution is a means for two or more parties to arrive at a peaceable solution to a discrepancy among them. The discrepancy may be financial, personal, emotional or political. The main factors affecting conflict resolution are; gender, communication and culture. They all interconnect during the exercise of resolving conflict. Given these points, it is clear that without conflict resolution skills, it is hard for people from different cultures to coexist in the same environment whether, political, personal, financial or emotional but it can be made easier through understanding each others culture, effective communication and gender equality. Culture affects the way people communicate at all instances and by all means generally. When a child is born he is taught the ways of communication of his culture by the immediate family and thus growing up to behave that way even when with people from different cultures. Also gender positions in different cultures affect the way people communicate.[1] For example during the peace convention between US and Iraq in Geneva, the representative for US was the appointed ambassador for US to Iraq was a woman and when she gave the message of the US state secretary the Iraq did not take her serious since to the Iraqis she was a fragile representative.[2] Hence, if one is raised in the ways of a certain culture, there is no means of escaping the way of communication of that culture because it constitutes the persons character. In addition, culture goes ahead to have an effect in conflict resolution thus proving not to be different in this sector. For example when a person is from Hong Kong, and then he talks loudly during conflict resolution, he makes the conflict even more compounded.[3] However, culture does not always impose a bad effect in conflict resolution because, during the practice, people usually understand each others culture and thus are able to formulate a process that would fit the parties involved in case of the emergence of another dispute(Gilman 2017).[4] In conclusion, communication is immensely affected by culture because it is inbuilt and translates into a persons character since childhood. Conflict is most of the most of the times as a result of culture differences and the resolution of the same is affected by culture itself because of imposed constraints or certain things that people from certain cultures are not supposed to do. Bibliography Gerstl, Alfred, Ma?ria Stras?a?kova?, and Petra Ande?lova?. 2017. Unresolved border, land and maritime disputes in Southeast Asia : bi- and multilateral conflict resolution approaches and ASEAN's centrality. Leiden, Boston: Brill. Gilman, James Earl. 2017. How to resolve conflict : a practical mediation manual. Lanham : Rowman Littlefield: a wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. M'Cormack-Hale, Fredline Amaybel Olayinka. 2012. Gender, peace and security : women's advocacy and conflict resolution. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, ccop. Reiter, Yitzhak. 2017. Contested holy places in Israel/Palestine : sharing and conflict resolution. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Reiter, Yitzhak. 2017. Contested holy places in Israel/Palestine : sharing and conflict resolution. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. M'Cormack-Hale, Fredline Amaybel Olayinka. 2012. Gender, peace and security : women's advocacy and conflict resolution. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, ccop. Gerstl, Alfred, Ma?ria Stras?a?kova?, and Petra Ande?lova?. 2017. Unresolved border, land and maritime disputes in Southeast Asia : bi- and multilateral conflict resolution approaches and ASEAN's centrality. Leiden, Boston: Brill Gilman, James Earl. 2017. How to resolve conflict : a practical mediation manual. Lanham : Rowman Littlefield: a wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.

The market of the beer business plan

Executive summary The report seeks to explore the market analysis, country analysis, and the foreign entry modes that can be applied by a company while entering in an international market. A company based in the UK has been experiencing problems associated with market share as the market has been saturated with beer products.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The market of the beer business plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The brands that it would like to introduce in the new market are the sales of ales, stouts and bitters, low/no alcohol beers, premium lager, specialty beers and standard larger. However, because of the feared competition in the target country market, the report addresses low/no alcohol beers, premium lager, and specialty beers. These would be marketable in France the target market for the preference by French population to consume foreign beers with specialty beer being the leading product. The report uses PESTEL analysis to analyses the France macro-environment forces as it assesses the possibility of launching its beer products. The market of the beer products is analysed using the available marketing mix in France, as well as the segmentation of the market, positioning of the products and the targeted market. The findings are that the market is segmented on basis of age, while targeting the youth. The report unveils different foreign entry modes which are commonly applied. The modes are the licensing, the foreign direct investment, exporting and joint venture. The suitability of the entry modes are well represented and discussed with their respective advantages and disadvantages. For the UK based company, exporting entry mode has been recorded for its numerous advantages. Based on the findings, the company has a better chance of entering the France market and gain a market share in the beverage beer industry. Introduction UK has been leading in the production of be er in Europe with a huge consumption. However, the consumption of beer has been reducing over the years as the population has been concentrating on health living. This has left the consumption of beer low as they have turned to the consumption of wine and low/no alcohol beers. The country has been filled with many beer key players making the market become saturated. This has forced companies to seek foreign markets that have low beer production with the aim of utilizing the available market share.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, France has been known for its production of fine and competitive wine for the longest time possible. However, there are few beer brewers in the market with the major breweries holding 90% of the market share. This has been more of monopoly for the companies. Over the pasts few years the population of France especially the young ge neration has changed it consumption habits. The population however, has preference to imported beer to the locally manufactured and available beer. The commonly preferred beer is the specialty beer for its uniqueness and the application of different preparation techniques and flavours. For the UK based company to enter the French market beer industry and gain a market share, it has to consider the country analysis, market analysis and the various foreign entry modes and choose the most adaptable and preferable. Both UK and France are members of the European Union (EU), so it could be easy to trade as they share almost same trading regulations and laws. It is advantageous to transact as not currency exchange rates would be required as they both use the same currency the Euros as a medium of exchange. Lastly, members’ states of EU have free transaction of goods and services making it possible for the companies to trade. Product information/facts The company available beer brand s are low/no alcohol beers, premium lager, and specialty beers in UK after its market has been saturated. Low/no alcohol beers are a beer brand that have low alcohol content and are neither harmful to health nor have any health related complications. In the UK the law recognizes no alcohol beers as the one which is below 0.5% alcohol by volume (ABV). On the other hand, low alcohol has no more than 1.2% alcohol by content while that of France is below 3%, meaning the UK beer meets the standards of France. These kinds of beers are common in UK and the larger population is changing its alcohol consumption trends to usage of low/no alcohol beers. The premium larger beer is the largely produced and consumed beer in France. However, the beer has been doing badly in UK as the market has become saturated although the lager makes 68% of the UK beer sales. The specialty beers are flavored kind of beer which has become common in the France as the younger generation is preferring specialty beer to the locally manufactured malty beers.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The market of the beer business plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of its demand its production has increased over the years as well as its distribution to various markets. The techniques and the fermentables used in the manufacture of specialty beer are unusual. The wide range of the beers includes the spiced, herbed, smoked, and fruit flavoured beers. Because of their different flavours, they have become very common in Europe especially in France. Analysis Country information/facts The preferred country for exporting the beer products from the UK is France which is also found in Europe and a member of the European Union. Based on the current GDP of $2.580 trillion (Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs 2011), France is ranked fifth in the world in terms of economic growth. However, the real GDP fell in 2008, but the economi c growth picked in the end of the year. Generally, the economy of France has been fairing on well for the last quarter despite the financial crisis that have hit the world. France has a growing population that is characterized by skilled workforce. With unemployment rate of 9.5%, venturing in the market would create jobs for the unemployed and increase its GDP. The country is ranked the second in terms of trading in the Western Europe (Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs 2011). The country is known for its agricultural activities and is ranked the first in the European Union and the second in the world. It largely produces wheat, corn and barley which are used in the production of beer. France is categorized as one of the leading consumers of beer products in the world although it is not a major brewer of beer in Europe. This forms a good market for the beer product because of the people desire to take beer. However, the country is the leading producer of wine making the beer ma rket more open and available to foreign companies that would export beer to the country. The country’s beer consumption is approximately half of the consumption in the Western Europe. Nonetheless the consumption of beer in Europe has been low although it depends on the weather of the country. The common usage kind of beer is lager which forms two thirds of the total consumption. The population has moves away from using the local beer and preferring the specialty beers. These are the imported beers from other countries in the European Union which have been increasing over the years. This would make a perfect market to export beer products from UK to Germany because if the increased preference of imported beer over locally manufactured ones.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With a population of almost 60 million, the population consumes an annual approximate of 20 million hectoliters. The country has an annual beer consumption of 38.6 liters per capita. According to Cohen (2008) past statistics have revealed that the European population is taking more beer than wine. For instance, a previous study carried shows that 25% of the respondents in France who are over 50 year’s have starts taking beer one a day (Cohen 2008). Other results from the same study indicated that 43% of the participants aged 14 to 29 years have developed the habit of consuming at least five drinks of beer per day. The correlation between UK and France beer consumption is that UK drinkers have resulted to the consumption of wine although it is a beer making country. This offers the best chance for the UK based company to enter the French markets that have a changed preference and an age group that prefers beer to wine. Macro environment forces considered Before the launch the beer products in France several macro environment factors have to be considered that would govern the operation and the percentage of market share. The elements are based on the PESTEL analysis which determines international operations. They are political factors, environmental, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. Other factors based on the international entry analysis include the competition position in the country and the financial requirements. Legal matters These are regulatory laws that protect the competition with the aim of protecting the consumer and the market (Pride, Hughes Kapoor2012, p.346). For the company to enter the market it has to consider the legal requirements needed for the establishment of a market of beer products in UK. UK and France belong to the European Union leaning that they operate under almost similar laws governing beer regulations. However, the company should be aware of the legal restriction on the usage of beer in France. For in stance, the French tobacco and law legislation also referred to as the ‘Loi Evin’ prohibits the use of television to advertise alcoholic beverages either indirectly or directly. The offense is punishable by the law which has a fine of an estimate of EUR 75 000 with either an addition of 50% amount used on the advert already banned. The legislation is aimed at checking the level of consuming alcohol in France. This may be a problem to the company as it has to devise optional methods of advertising its beer products. It will also be faced with a problem of reduced demand if the product does not catch the required market share in the short run period. Social cultural factors Social cultural factors are concerned with the beliefs, attitudes and the welfare of the people in the targeted market (Pride, Hughes Kapoor2012, p.346). The demographic figures of the French population are changing with the number of the old people increasing more than the youths. However, this is not a hindrance in entering the international market as the youths of age groups 14 to 29 years are the ones who are taking beer compared to the population ages 50 and above. The social cultural trend has the capacity of affecting the company in a positive way as the young preferences of beer to wine forms a basis of the market entry. Also most of the French populations prefer taking alcohol at the comfort of their homes. This would encourage the company to come up with beer beverages that are portable and usable in the hone than in bars. The most negative social cultural aspect that can affect a company in France is the religious beliefs that French people as they are catholic and most are against consumption of beer. Environmental factors These are regulations that are concerned with the environmental conservation and management. Being in the 21st century it would be imperative to put into consideration the environmental factors so as to remain relevant in the market. For instance, F rance has environmental regulation that requires the usage of environmentally friendly methods of manufacturing the beer. Or it could have the packaging of the beer in environmentally friendly packaging to avoid bans or fines from the French government. Technological Both the UK and French have undergone technological revolution that has shaped their different markets. Based on this the company would be having a competitive edge as its manufacturing techniques are compliant to the targeted international market. With the people well versed with technology and e-commerce it would be possible to sell the products under the sane platform thus making France the country of choice of the saturated beer brands. With an already existing market and technology it would be easy as the company would enjoy economies of scale. This would reduce the costs required in entering the French beer market. Economic factors These are factors that are determined by the economic forces in the market industry . They include inflation, economic growth rate, interest rates, inflation, taxation changes, and exchange rates. These economic factors may have impact on the decision to be taken by a company. For example, if the interest rates are higher then investments may be low because of high costs of borrowing. If the growth rate is high then the demand of the products of the firm is raised too. A country with high inflations rates may force the firm to pay high wages to the employees increasing its production cost. And lastly a strong currency hinders exports because of products high prices in the foreign market. However, since the countries uses euro as a medium of exchange, it would be advantageous to the company. However, it would under go taxation as the law requires imported alcohol products to be licensed even if the country is a EU member state. Political factors These are factors that are influenced by the government through the initiation of different policies. They may include inc entives and subsidies that the government may be wiling to offer to the firms (Pride, Hughes Kapoor2012, p.346). The priority in implementing these is crucial to firm. They have impacts on areas of infrastructure, quality of the goods produced as well as the health of its people. They can also have impact on the education. Examples include the provision of a transport infrastructure to the firms or regulating the prices of some goods. For example, being under the EU and using the euro it would be advantageous for the company because there are exchange rate restriction and taxation policies because the markets have been opened. This will also allow free movement of goods from UK to France without taxation which is an advantage to the company. The company will also enjoy tax exemptions because it is a qualified member of the European Union. France beer Market information The market is saturated with wine products as France is known for the production of fine wine brands. However, the country produces beer with premium lager having a market share of two thirds. Although the country is known for its alcohol consumptions, the population that is taking alcohol has been declining because of the changes in their life styles. Wine being integral part in the culture of French people, has brought a tremendous change as many people have shunned from alcohol to other beer products. There has been a decline in the consumption of beer in France from 21.43% to 19.73%million hectoliters as reported in last year (Business Beer.2011). It is assumed that the market for beer has reached its plateau because of the changing beer consumption trends and lifestyles. However, beer turnover has been high because of the increased preference to specialty beers which are mainly imported. The market share for specialty beer increased by 5.4% to amount to 33.3% in 2009 (Business Beer 2011) with speculations that the trends are bound to increase by 2011. In contrary, conventional beers have be en reducing in terms of market shares as they lost 5.3 of the market share in 2009 although the consumer level has not reduced by much. Some reports show that there was a similar decline 30years ago when the consumption dropped to by more than 30%. Marketing mix The marketing mix consists of the 4ps used in the marketing which according to Kurtz, Mackenzie and Snow (2009, p.424) are price, promotion, place and product. Product The common beer products found in France are Kronenbourg, Grand Cru which has 6% ABV and Kronenbourg Blanc which is a spicy favoured beer (Beers.co.uk 2009). Desperados is another beer found in France which has a 5% above alcohol average, and the Kronenbourg 1664 which is the common and is preferred more than any other lager for its malty taste. Bieres du garde is another beer product has a bittersweet finish and ABV of 8.5% another beer product is the Ch’Ti beeers (Beers.co.uk 2009). Price The prices of the French beer products vary from one location t o another. They are customer friendly and affordable which are some of the aspects considered in the pricing of a commodity. However, some of the beers are more expensive than the others because of the targeted customers’ base and the type of brands. Nonetheless, they have been able to capture their own market share in the market. Promotion Advertisement of beer in UK is prohibited meaning that it is punishable by the law. This means that beer products are advertised through other channels and mediums. As part of the European Union treaty, the advertisement of alcohol should not encourage its excessive drinking. The â€Å"Loi Evin† bans TV alcoholic beverages advertisements that are over 1.2% ABV (Institute of Alcohol Studies 2010, p.12). The law also prohibits the advertisement of alcoholic drinks in cinema. Involvement of companies in sponsoring cultural events and sports is prohibited. The same applies to radio advertisement where it is prohibited between 5pm and mi dnight (Institute of Alcohol Studies 2010, p.12). Alcohol advertisement towards minors is also prohibited, however, advertisement is only allowed when the characteristics of the products are being used. Place/Distribution Beer in farce is distributed through established channels that ensure that the products reach the targeted market in time. Most of popular place where beer is concentrated is the Nord-Pas de Calais which is close to Belgium (Beer co.uk 2009). The beers produced in France are similar to the ones found in Belgium hence its location. The place is characterized by young stars who prefer beer to wine. Other than being concentrated in the small town, beer products are strategically in supermarkets. There are also numerous pubs, taverns, bars, and restaurants where beer products are sold to the targeted customers especially the youth. Therefore, any company that tries to enter the French market need to comply the marketing mix of France as it gives the guidelines. Any com pany that does not comply with the governing marketing mix has the possibility of acquiring a low market share. Segmentation The beer products in France are classified as follows Kronenbourg, Grand Cru, Kronenbourg Blanc, Kronenbourg 1664, desperados, and the Bieres du garde. Market segmentation involves the process of clustering the people who share similar needs or characteristics (Botha, Strydom Brink 2004, p.61). The segments which are homogenous groups respond differently to advertisements, promotions, and communications among other variables of the marketing mix. The common and prevalent segmentation of beer is based on the age group. The young generation of between 19 and 29 prefer beer more to wine. Targeting Based on the available data of the French beer industry, the old are targeted through the use of low/no alcohol beer. The other targeted group is the youth below 29 years generation because of its preference to beer to wine. This has been necessitated by the changing l ifestyles and ways of living among the youth. Differentiation is used to target the different segmented groups in the France. This is supported by Havalder (2005, p.93) who note that differentiation is used to communicate the different segmented markets with the products in the market. Positioning Product positioning describes the way consumers perceive particular products in the market (Botha, Strydom Brink 2010, 61). The beer products of France are well placed at par. This is because they are considered as better and the market is 90% controlled by the major breweries. The reason why the French beers are well placed in the whole Europe is because of their better quality than all other areas (Beers co.uk 2009). Market entry modes There are various foreign market entry modes that a company can successfully apply to entry in a new market and gain a market share. The common entry mode that can be applied when entering the French beer industry are, exporting, sole venture, joint ventu re and licensing. Before entering in a French market there is need to assess some of the factors that would limit the success of the product in the new market. Exporting This is one of the popular methods of entering a foreign market. It involves the transport of the fully or partially finished products to the targeted market. France has been an importer of beer products since most people prefer the specialty beers to locally manufactured beers. One of the reasons why export is used is on when trade barriers have been lifted or reduced (McDonald, Burton Dowling 209). Through the diversification of markets, the mode can be applied to minimise risk. A UK based company can export its beer products to France at less cost because of the reduced taxes as they both belong to the European Union. With differentiated goods which are patented, a company can easily use export entry as it has the likelihood of enhancing market share over the already existing products. A company can enter a fore ign market either through the direct branch, direct agent, or indirect entry in the market (John Gilles 1998, p.262). The reason why export is a favourable entry mode is because it requires fewer investments as production is done in the home country. The only costs incurred are the marketing expenses. However, coordination between the government, exporter, transporter and importer is required for its success. Licensing This entry mode requires the use of license that permits another company that is located in the targeted country. For instance, the company can permit a France based company to sell beer products on its behalf. The difference between licensing and franchising is that the latter adopts the name of the company with the products. However, the licensed company uses the patented product without any modification whatsoever after paying an agreed fee. This type of contractual entry mode is applicable to patented products. This type of market entry attracts large risks of in vestments. The drawback of using licensing as an entry mode in a foreign market is that the company loses direct control on industrial property, quality and manufacture (John Gillies 1998, p. 265). Joint Venture The company comes into partnership with an already existing company in the target country market. For instance, the UK based company would partner with Fischer brewery which produces Desperados and form a partnership with same market share. This increase the chances of getting large market share as the company is perceived as an insider. The objectives achieved through joint venture is to gain market entry, develop a product jointly, conform to any existing laws and regulations on foreign investors, share technology, and share rewards and risks involved in the venture. The benefits associated with joint venture are that a company can access the already existing distribution channels and be politically connected. This mode of entry mode is favourable when combination of the market power, the size of partners and pooled resources are less in line with the targeted industry leaders. It is also important when learning is required or the companies share the same goals, ideas and skills. However, this mode of market entry is riskier than all the others as ownership, pricing, technology applied, and control of the ownership is predetermined. It is advisable to put these aspects into consideration before entering into a joint venture. Foreign Direct Investment A foreign company places its company directly in the targeted country. For example, the company would establish a beer manufacturing company in France and operate from there. Resources both financial and human capitals are then transferred to the target market (Sharan 2003, p.45). There are several ways that can be applied on FDI like acquiring an already existing entity or putting a new enterprise. In this mode, the foreign company in the target company has the highest capacity of controlling the opera tions and management of the company. The chances of knowing the competitive environment, key players, and existing consumers is very high. The drawbacks of using this form of foreign entry mode are that it requires a lot of commitment, resources and capital to venture into. Comparison of the four modes of entry Mode Conditions that may favor the mode Advantages Disadvantages Exporting There political risk involved The political risk is high Requires no establishment of production facilities There limited sales as the product need less time to adapt Distribution channels are located to existing plants It is easy to enter the market Company can use the facilities in existence There minimal risks involved in the investment There are high transport costs The company can be seen as a competitor to the local products There limited access to locally available information Trade barriers may exits which are additional costs. Direct investment It has minimal political risk The culture distance is reduced Company can make high sales There is no fair way of pricing the assets It puts barriers on importation of same product (beer) Company gets knowledge on the foreign market There is minimal knowledge spillovers The company is viewed as part of the economy(insider) Can utilize the already existing skilled personnel The mode is more risk compared to the other three Its venture requires, high capital, commitment, and resources The local resources may proof hard to manage because of high cost Licensing There is legal protection on the targeted market Cultural distance is large Licensee has no ability of becoming a competitor There exits investment and import barriers Sales potential may be low in the targeted market The licensee has no ability of becoming a competitor There is risk of investment involved Easy to enter It can circumvent available trade barriers There is minimal risks involved and investments The company cannot control the assets There is knowledge spi llovers The licensee may turn to be a competitor The period of licensing is always limited Joint ventures There exists import barriers The cultural distance is very large Political risks exists The local company can assist in the provision of resources, skills, brand name, distribution channels among others Sales potential is very high Pricing of assets is not fair If the country restricts foreign ownership of company It is able to overcome cultural distances and any restrictions on ownership The resources of two or more companies are pooled together The set up requires less investment The companies can learn and exchange ideas from one another Company is seen as part of the economy Its management may be difficult Its more riskier than licensing and exporting There is knowledge spillovers The partner may turn to be the largest competitor Issues may arise on how controls the company Recommendation (market entry mode) Based on the market analysis of France and the regulations of UK, the most recommended mode of entry to the France market would be through exports. The company would export the explained beer products to France because it is more cheap, less risk and convenient to export the products. Based on the advantages given and the suitability conditions of exporting then the company would adopt exports to the other entry modes. The countries are both located in Europe and are members of the European Union/ community. When exporting commodities from UK to a country which is a member of the European Community, the exports can circulate freely without the payment of some taxes although they are subjected to VAT. The products being exported to UK have alcohol content which is below 30 percent meaning that they are exempted from duty stamp. This implies that duty stamp would not be paid on the beer products exported to France. France has a well established market, according to john and Gillies (1998, P.66) exports can be applied where there is high break ev en, has likelihood of achieving economies of scale, greater resources are committed, and large volumes are to be sold then direct export can be applied. This favours the company as the France market size is large and has the potential of growing further as people trends of beer consumption are changing. Also export is applied where the home market has become saturated with its products. Conclusion Market analysis and country analysis are important tasks that need to be carried before venturing a foreign market. The most suitable country and market that the UK based company can easily access and gain its market share is the France. This is because the population has changed their wine consumption trends to beer consumption with the youth being the largest consumer. The market is also centrally placed as it lies in Europe and is a member of the European Union. This gives the company the opportunity of trading freely in the region with less reduced taxation and regulations. From the ma rket analysis, it has been concluded that the French market has a ready target population, well segmented and positioned. In France, the TV cannot be used to advertise and promotions cannot be carried through sponsoring of games and other events. There is a generation that is getting away from the usage of wine to the usage of beer. Specialty beer which is largely imported is the commonly preferred beer brand in France. This has been necessitated by the different flavours it has and its unique technique of fermenting. The commonly used foreign entry modes are the exporting, joint venture, licensing, and foreign direct investment. Based on the report analysis the export entry mode is more preferred for the UK based company to adopt. This recommendation has been based on the market analysis and the UK market operations and regulations. Reference List Beers.co.uk. 2009, French Beers [Online] Available from http://www.beers.co.uk/world-beers/french-beers.html, Bureau of European and Eu rasian Affairs. 2011, Background Note: France [Online] Available from  https://www.state.gov/u-s-relations-with-france/ Business Beer. 2011, France: Beer consumption declines by 1.7% in 2010 [Online] Available from  https://journal.beer/2011/04/07/france-beer-consumption-declines-by-17-in-2010/ Bothat, J., Strydom, J. Brink, A. 2004, Introduction to marketing, Juta, Cape Town. Cohen, A. 2008, Europe’s Changing Drinking Habits: More Beer, Less Wine, Few Regrets [Online] Available from  https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122842679622780557 . Havaldar, K. K. 2005, Industrial marketing: text and cases, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. Institute of Alcohol Studies. 2010. Alcohol and advertising [Online] Available from  http://www.ias.org.uk/Home.aspx . John, R. Gillie. A. M. 1998, Global business strategy, Thomson, London. McDonald, F. Burton, F. 2002, International business, Thomson Learning, London. Pride, W. M., Hughes, R. J., Kapoor, J. R. 2012, Business, South-Western/C engage Learning, Mason, OH. Sharan, V. 2003, international business: Concepts, environment and strategy, New Delhi, Pearson education India.  Appendices Appendix 1: Valuable websites https://www.learnmarketing.net/international%20marketing%20entry.htm https://www.gov.uk/ Appendix 2: Beer production in 2009 Appendix 3: Annual Global Beer Production Volume and Growth Rate This report on The market of the beer business plan was written and submitted by user SerpentS0c1ety to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.